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Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 06, 2020	Jun. 28, 2019
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	BioNano Genomics, Inc
Entity Central Index Key	0001411690
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		37,752,469
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 26.7

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 17,311,373	$ 16,522,729
Accounts receivable, net	6,333,963	4,514,333
Inventory	3,443,559	1,068,557
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,169,346	919,500
Total current assets	28,258,241	23,025,119
Property and equipment, net	1,949,625	1,777,302
Total assets	30,207,866	24,802,421
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	2,699,153	1,351,736
Accrued expenses	3,225,431	2,900,129
Contract liabilities	357,492	270,998
Current portion of long-term debt	20,084,945	0
Total current liabilities	26,367,021	4,522,863
Long-term debt, net of current portion	0	9,029,374
Long-term contract liabilities	182,648	304,467
Other non-current liabilities	44,479	808,366
Total liabilities	26,594,148	14,665,070
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; 34,274,469 and 10,055,072 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	3,427	1,004
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 and 2018	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	106,187,789	82,898,775
Accumulated deficit	(102,577,498)	(72,762,428)
Total stockholders’ equity	3,613,718	10,137,351
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 30,207,866	$ 24,802,421

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	34,274,469	10,055,072
Common stock, shares outstanding (shares)	34,274,469	10,055,072

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 10,129,508	$ 12,000,735
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	6,768,147	8,711,326
Operating expenses:
Research and development	9,080,891	9,484,163
Selling, general and administrative	20,155,376	14,220,331
Total operating expenses	29,236,267	23,704,494
Loss from operations	(25,874,906)	(20,415,085)
Other income (expense)
Interest expense	(2,286,196)	(1,381,024)
Change in fair value of preferred stock warrants and expirations	0	3,991,081
Loss on debt extinguishment	(1,333,496)	(342,164)
Other expenses	(299,424)	(333,689)
Total other income (expenses)	(3,919,116)	1,934,204
Loss before income taxes	(29,794,022)	(18,480,881)
Provision for income taxes	(21,048)	(15,511)
Net loss	$ (29,815,070)	$ (18,496,392)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (USD per share)	$ (1.99)	$ (2.61)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding basic and diluted (shares)	14,977,901	7,077,126
Product revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 9,474,444	$ 11,463,173
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	6,495,693	8,562,042
Service and other revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	655,064	537,562
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	$ 272,454	$ 149,284

Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders Equity - USD ($)	Total	Initial Public Offering	Initial Public Offering Convertible Notes	Common Stock	Common Stock Initial Public Offering	Common Stock Initial Public Offering Convertible Notes	Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital Initial Public Offering	Additional Paid-in Capital Initial Public Offering Convertible Notes	Accumulated Deficit	Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering	Series B Convertible Preferred Stock	Series B Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering	Series B-1 Convertible Preferred Stock	Series B-1 Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering	Series C Convertible Preferred Stock	Series C Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering	Series D Convertible Preferred Stock	Series D Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering	Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock	Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock Initial Public Offering
Convertible Preferred Stock Beginning Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017											345,587		8,058,170		3,437,950		23,357,047		20,652,486		66,141,257
Convertible Preferred Stock, Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017											$ 61,847		$ 842,845		$ 359,593		$ 5,547,841		$ 4,838,379		$ 31,359,632
Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of convertible preferred stock (shares)					2,850,280	3,239,294						(345,587)		(8,058,170)		(3,437,950)		(23,357,047)		(20,652,486)		(66,141,257)
Conversion of preferred stock upon IPO		$ 43,010,137	$ 14,898,327		$ 285	$ 323		$ 43,009,852	$ 14,898,004			$ 61,847		$ 842,845		$ 359,593		$ 5,547,841		$ 4,838,379		$ 31,359,632
Convertible Preferred Stock Ending Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2018											0		0		0		0		0		0
Convertible Preferred Stock, Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018											$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Beginning Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017				77,257
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ (50,227,211)			$ 8			$ 4,038,817			$ (54,266,036)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(18,496,392)									(18,496,392)
Stock-based compensation expense	1,193,873						1,193,873
Stock option exercises (Shares)				2,062
Stock option exercises	3,499						3,499
Issuance of stock (shares)					3,864,000
Issuance of stock, net of offering costs		19,389,978			$ 386			19,389,592
Conversion of preferred stock upon IPO		$ 43,010,137	$ 14,898,327		$ 285	$ 323		$ 43,009,852	$ 14,898,004			$ 61,847		$ 842,845		$ 359,593		$ 5,547,841		$ 4,838,379		$ 31,359,632
Issuance of convertible preferred stock (shares)					2,850,280	3,239,294						(345,587)		(8,058,170)		(3,437,950)		(23,357,047)		(20,652,486)		(66,141,257)
Conversion of preferred stock warrants into common stock warrants	84,676						84,676
Issue warrants for services	165,000						165,000
Issuance of common stock for Employee Stock Purchase Plan (shares)				22,179
Issuance of common stock for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	115,464			$ 2			115,462
Ending Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2018				10,055,072
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	10,137,351			$ 1,004			82,898,775			(72,762,428)
Convertible Preferred Stock Ending Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2019											0		0		0		0		0		0
Convertible Preferred Stock, Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2019											$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(29,815,070)									(29,815,070)
Stock-based compensation expense	1,346,023						1,346,023
Stock option exercises (Shares)				50,665.00
Stock option exercises	65,864			$ 6			65,858
Issue stock for covenant waiver (shares)				572,917
Issue stock for covenant waiver	504,167			$ 57			504,110
Reduce warrant exercise price for covenant waiver	45,787						45,787
Issuance of stock (shares)				11,829,388
Issuance of stock, net of offering costs	10,959,535			$ 1,183			10,958,352
Issue warrants for services	$ 629,830						629,830
Issuance of common stock for Employee Stock Purchase Plan (shares)	165,402			87,969
Issuance of common stock for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	$ 141,706			$ 9			141,697
Issue stock for debt	201,789						201,789
Stock warrant exercises (shares)				11,678,458
Stock warrant exercises	9,396,736			$ 1,168			9,395,568
Ending Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2019				34,274,469
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 3,613,718			$ 3,427			$ 106,187,789			$ (102,577,498)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating activities:
Net loss	$ (29,815,070)	$ (18,496,392)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,127,850	1,320,521
Change in fair value of preferred stock warrants and expirations	0	(3,991,081)
Non-cash interest	883,269	750,474
Stock-based compensation	1,346,023	1,193,873
Provision for bad debt expense	554,867	(262,000)
Inventory impairment	0	1,287,000
Loss on debt extinguishment	1,333,496	342,164
(Gain) loss on disposal of fixed assets	11,918	0
Fair value of warrants issued for services	0	165,000
Other items	0	115,464
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(2,374,497)	(900,119)
Inventory	(3,641,017)	(418,984)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(245,046)	152,012
Accounts payable	1,362,397	(954,377)
Accrued expenses and contract liabilities	(73,910)	(247,402)
Net cash used in operating activities	(29,529,720)	(19,943,847)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(61,056)	(331,716)
Net cash used in investing activities	(61,056)	(331,716)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of issuance costs	19,134,424	23,830,489
Proceeds from borrowing from line of credit	5,113,072	0
Repayments of borrowing from line of credit	(3,615,117)	0
Repayment of long-term debt	(10,812,000)	(7,447,571)
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of offering costs	19,556,464	19,389,978
Proceeds from sale of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	141,706
Proceeds from warrant and option exercises	860,871	3,499
Net cash provided by financing activities	30,379,420	35,776,395
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	788,644	15,500,832
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	16,522,729	1,021,897
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	17,311,373	16,522,729
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing and investing activity:
Transfer of instruments and servers from inventory into property and equipment	1,266,015	0
Transfer of instruments and servers from property and equipment into inventory	0	242,831
Conversion of convertible note into common stock	0	14,898,327
Fair value of stock and warrants issued in conjunction with debt	831,619	176,813
Issue stock for covenant waiver	504,167	0
Reduce warrant exercise price for covenant waiver	45,787	0
Non-cash portion of debt extinguishment	521,496	0
Final payment fee due in connection with the repayment of debt classified within other long-term liabilities	0	400,000
Conversion of preferred stock warrants into common stock and common stock warrants	0	84,676
Property and equipment costs incurred but not paid included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	0	3,150
Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid	$ 1,277,184	$ 700,353

Organization and Operations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Operations

Description of Business

Bionano Genomics, Inc. (the “Company”) was formed in January 2003. The Company is a life sciences instrumentation company in the genome analysis space. The Company currently develops and markets the Saphyr system, a platform for ultra-sensitive and ultra-specific structural variation detection that enables researchers and clinicians to accelerate the search for new diagnostics and therapeutic targets and to streamline the study of changes in chromosomes, which is known as cytogenetics.

Initial Public Offering

In August 2018, the Company completed its initial public offering (the “IPO”), in which it sold an aggregate of 3,864,000 units (each unit consisting of one share of the Company’s common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock) at a public offering price of $6.125 per unit. The Company received cash proceeds of $19.4 million, net of offering costs of $4.3 million.

In addition, each of the following occurred in connection with the completion of the IPO:


•	The conversion of all outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock into an aggregate 2,850,280 shares of common stock.


•	The automatic adjustment of certain preferred stock warrants into common stock warrants; the entire $84,676 balance of preferred stock warrant liability was reclassified as additional paid-in-capital. In addition, the Company issued warrants to the IPO underwriters to purchase up to 115,920 shares of its common stock at fair value of $0.4 million.


•	The conversion of an aggregate of $14.9 million of outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued interest into an aggregate of 3,239,294 shares of common stock.

Reverse Stock Splits

On July 16, 2018, the Company effected a one-for-21.4 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock and a proportional adjustment to the existing conversion ratios for each series of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock, and on August 15, 2018, the Company effected an additional one-for-two reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock and a proportional adjustment to the existing conversion ratios for each series of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock. Accordingly, all share and per share amounts for all periods presented in the accompanying financial statements and notes thereto have been adjusted retroactively, where applicable, to reflect these reverse stock splits and adjustments of the preferred stock conversion ratios.

Going Concern

In accordance with ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, management is required to perform a two-step analysis over its ability to continue as a going concern. Management must first evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (step 1). If management concludes that substantial doubt is raised, management is also required to consider whether its plans alleviate that doubt (step 2).

The Company has experienced recurring net losses from operations, negative cash flows from operating activities, financial covenant breaches, and significant accumulated deficit since its inception and expects to continue to incur net losses into the foreseeable future. The Company has an accumulated deficit of $102.6 million as of December 31, 2019. In 2019, the Company used $29.5 million cash in operations. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $17.3 million. Management expects operating losses and negative cash flows to continue for at least the next year as the Company continues to incur costs related to research and commercialization efforts. Management has prepared cash flows forecasts which indicate that based on the Company’s expected operating losses and negative cash flows and current debt obligations, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within twelve months after the date that the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, are issued.

The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise additional funding. The Company has plans to raise additional capital through equity offerings or debt financings to fulfill its operating and capital requirements for at least 12 months and to maintain compliance with certain financial covenants in its loan agreement. The Company’s plans include continuing to fund its operating losses and capital funding needs through equity or debt financings, strategic collaborations, licensing arrangements, asset sales, or other arrangements. However, the Company may not be able to secure such financing in a timely manner or on favorable terms, if at all. Furthermore, if the Company issues equity securities to raise additional funds, its existing stockholders may experience dilution, and the new equity securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of the Company’s existing stockholders. If the Company raises additional funds through collaboration, licensing or other similar arrangements, it may be necessary to relinquish valuable rights to its products or proprietary technologies or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to the Company. If the Company does not have or is not able to obtain sufficient funds, it may have to reduce commercialization efforts or delay its development of new products. The Company also may have to reduce marketing, customer support or other resources devoted to its products or cease operations. As a result, the aforementioned conditions, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued.

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business, and do not include any adjustments to reflect the outcome of this uncertainty.

On August 16, 2019, the Company received notice from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) that the Company’s stockholders’ equity as reported in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 did not satisfy the Nasdaq Capital Market continued listing requirement set forth in Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5550(b)(1), and that, as of August 13, 2019, the Company did not meet the alternative compliance standards to maintain continued listing as set forth in Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5550(b) (the “Listing Rule”). In September 2019, the Company submitted a plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance and on October 16, 2019, Nasdaq granted the Company until February 12, 2020 to provide evidence of compliance with the Listing Rule, subject to certain requirements. On January 17, 2020, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq confirming that the Company had regained compliance with the Listing Rule under the alternative requirement to have a market value of listed securities of at least $35 million.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions by management affect the Company’s revenue recognition for multiple performance obligation arrangements, valuations, expected future cash flows including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets, warranty reserves, certain accrued expenses, contingent liabilities, tax reserves, deferred tax rates and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowances. Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include the accounts of the Company’s 100%-owned subsidiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents primarily represent funds invested in readily available money market accounts. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of all cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair value because of the short-term nature of these items.

Concentrations

Credit Risks

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured major financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institution in which those deposits are held.

The Company’s customers are located throughout the world. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers, but it performs credit evaluations of their financial condition. More information on accounts receivable is contained in the paragraph titled “Accounts Receivable” below.

Sources of Materials and Products

The materials and components for the Company’s product offerings are currently obtained from single or limited sources. The Company competes with other companies for production capacity, therefore, the Company is exposed to a risk of inventory being unavailable at acceptable prices, or at all, if suppliers are unable (or decide) to provide sufficient levels of materials and components and the Company is unable to identify alternative suppliers.

Accounts Receivable

The Company extends credit to its customers in the normal course of business based upon an evaluation of each customer’s credit history, financial condition, and other factors. Estimates of allowances for doubtful accounts are determined by evaluating individual customer circumstances, historical payment patterns, length of time past due, and economic and other factors. Bad debt expense is recorded as necessary to maintain an appropriate level of allowance for doubtful accounts in selling, general and administrative expense. A portion of the receivables are with distributors who are slow payers and the Company is pursuing collection of such receivables. Based on ongoing dialog with these distributors, the Company expects these receivables to be fully collected. For the years ended December 31, 2019 the Company recorded $554,867 as an allowance for doubtful accounts and nothing for the year ended December 31, 2018. Amounts are charged to the allowance for doubtful accounts when collection efforts have been exhausted and are deemed uncollectible.

Accounts receivable is subject to concentration risk whenever a customer has a balance that meets or exceeds 10% of the Company's total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2018, Ultravision Technology Ltd., BioStar Company, and HistoGenetics, represented 13%, 12%, and 10%, respectively, of the Company's total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2019, Gene Company Limited represented 10% of the Company's total accounts receivable balance.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventory includes raw materials and finished goods that may be used in the research and development process and such items are expensed as consumed or expired. Provisions for slow-moving, excess, and obsolete inventories are estimated based on product life cycles, historical experience, and usage forecasts.

The components of inventories are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019		2018

Materials and supplies	$	950,846	$	161,468
Finished Goods	2,492,713		907,089
	$	3,443,559	$	1,068,557

In connection with the market launch of the Company’s next generation product, the Saphyr system, including the strategic shift towards minimal selling efforts of the Irys instruments, the Company recorded a charge of $1.3 million included in cost of revenue to write-down these instruments to net realizable value during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (generally three to five years, or the remaining term of the lease for leasehold improvements, whichever is shorter) and generally consist of laboratory equipment, computer and office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and leasehold improvements. Repairs and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company regularly reviews the carrying value and estimated lives of all of its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, to determine whether indicators of impairment may exist which warrant adjustments to carrying values or estimated useful lives. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss would be measured based on the excess over the carrying amount of the asset’s fair value. During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized no impairment loss on long-lived assets. Substantially all of the Company's long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue by Source



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Instrument revenue	$	6,762,463	$	8,441,325
Consumable revenue	2,711,981		3,021,848
Product revenue	9,474,444		11,463,173
Services and other revenue	655,064		537,562
Total revenue	$	10,129,508	$	12,000,735

Revenue by Geographic Location



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019				2018
	$		%		$		%
North America	$	5,030,267	50	%	$	4,594,814	38	%
EMEIA	3,627,602		36	%	3,954,693		33	%
Asia Pacific	1,471,639		14	%	3,451,228		29	%
Total	$	10,129,508	100	%	$	12,000,735	100	%

The Company generates revenue from the sale of its products, primarily its Saphyr system and related consumables, and related services, which are primarily support, repairs and maintenance services on the instruments. The Company's products are sold primarily through a direct sales force, and within international markets, there is more reliance on distributors. Revenue is recorded net of sales tax. The table above provides revenue from contracts with customers by business and geographic region on a disaggregated basis. North America consists of the United States and Canada. EMEIA consists of Europe, the Middle East, India and Africa. Asia Pacific includes China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Australia. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the United States represented 47% and 38%, and China represented 5% and 17%, respectively of total revenue.

The Company considers revenue to be earned when all of the following criteria are met: the Company has a contract with a customer that creates enforceable rights and obligations; promised products or services are identified; the transaction price, or the amount the Company expects to receive, including an estimate of uncertain amounts subject to a constraint to ensure revenue is not recognized in an amount that would result in a significant reversal upon resolution of the uncertainty, is determinable; and the Company has transferred control of the promised items to the customer. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in the contract. The transaction price for the contract is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the goods and services expected to be transferred. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the distinct good or service is transferred.

Transfer of control for the Company's products is generally at shipment or delivery, depending on contractual terms, but occurs when title and risk of loss transfers to the customer which represents the point in time when the customer obtains control of the product. As such the Company's performance obligation related to product sales is satisfied at a point in time.

Revenue from support and maintenance contracts and extended warranties are recognized over time based on the contract term, which represents a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services given the stand-ready nature of the performance obligations. Service revenue related to repairs and customer sample evaluations are recognized as the services are performed based on the specific nature of the service.

The Company recognizes a receivable when it has an unconditional right to payment, which is generally at the time of shipment of consumables and instruments, including any extended warranties, and at the time when services are rendered. Payment terms are typically 30 days for sales to customers in the United States but may be longer in international markets. The Company treats shipping and handling costs performed after a customer obtains control of the good as a fulfillment cost and records these costs within selling, general and administrative expenses, less any amounts reimbursed by the customer, when the corresponding revenue is recognized.

Some of the Company's contracts have multiple performance obligations. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation using its best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The Company determines its best estimate of standalone selling price using average selling prices over 3- to 12-month periods of data depending on the products or nature of the services coupled with current market considerations. If the product or service does not have a history of sales or if sales volume is not sufficient, including instruments under reagent rental agreements, the Company has estimated the standalone selling price to be the incremental sales price generally charged for consumables to customers under the reagent rental agreements in relation to amounts charged to other customers.

Variable Consideration

The Company exercises judgment in estimating variable consideration, if any, and would be recorded as a reduction to revenue. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company applies judgment in constraining the estimated variable consideration due to factors that may cause reversal of revenue recognized. The Company evaluates constraints based on its historical and projected experience with similar customer contracts.

The Company's contracts typically do not provide for product returns or refunds. In general, estimates of variable consideration and constraints are not material to the Company's financial statements.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of December 31, 2019, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied was $540,140. These remaining performance obligations primarily relate to extended warranty and support and maintenance obligations. The Company expects to recognize approximately 66% of this amount as revenue in 2020, 31% in 2021 and 3% in 2022. Warranty revenue is included in Service and other revenue.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The Company discloses accounts receivable separately in the consolidated balance sheets at their net realizable value. Contract assets primarily relate to the Company's conditional right to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. Contract assets at the beginning and end of the period, as well as the changes in the balance, were immaterial.

Contract liabilities primarily relate to payments received from customers in advance of performance under the contract. The Company records a contract liability, or deferred revenue, when it has an obligation to provide service, and to a much lesser extent product, to the customer and payment is received or due in advance of performance. Deferred revenue primarily relates to support and maintenance contracts and extended warranty obligations. Contract liabilities are classified as other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognized revenue of $270,171 and $211,697 during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which was included in the contract liability balance at the end of the previous year.

Distributor Transactions

In certain markets, the Company sells products and provides services to customers through distributors that specialize in life sciences products. In cases where the product is delivered to a distributor, revenue recognition generally occurs when the distributors obtains control of the product. The terms of sales transactions through distributors are generally consistent with the terms of direct sales to customers and do not contain return rights. Distributor sales transactions typically differ from direct customer sales as they do not require the Company’s services to install the instrument at the end customer or perform the services for the customer that are beyond the standard warranty in the first year following the sale. These transactions are accounted for in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy described herein.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue for products consists of the Company’s instrument cost from the manufacturer, raw material parts costs and associated freight, shipping and handling costs, contract manufacturer costs, royalties due to third parties, salaries and other personnel costs, overhead and other direct costs related to those sales recognized as product revenue in the period.

Cost of other revenue consists of salaries and other personnel costs, and facility costs associated with costs related to warranties and other costs of servicing equipment at customer sites.

Research and Development Costs

Costs incurred for research and product development, including acquired technology and costs incurred for technology in the development stage, are expensed as incurred.

Patent Costs

Costs related to filing and pursuing patent applications are recorded as selling, general and administrative expense and expensed as incurred since recoverability of such expenditures is uncertain.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company issues stock-based awards as compensation to employees and directors. Stock-based awards may include stock options, stock appreciation rights, vesting stock awards and performance share awards. These awards are accounted for as equity awards. To-date, the Company has issued stock options and recognizes stock-based compensation expense net of actual forfeitures on a straight-line basis over the underlying award’s requisite service period, which is generally the contractual term, as measured using the award’s grant date fair value.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that the Company believes these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If management determines that the Company would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their recorded amount, management would make an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes. Changes in the valuation allowance when they are recognized in the provision for income taxes may result in a change in the estimated annual effective tax rate.

The Company recognizes the impact of uncertain tax positions at the largest amount that is “more likely than not” to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain tax position will not be recognized if it does not have a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense. Any accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability.

Comprehensive Loss

Net loss and comprehensive loss were the same for all periods presented; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss is not included in the financial statements.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company and its chief operating decision-maker, the Chief Executive Officer, views the Company’s operations and manages its business in one operating segment.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding for the period. Common share equivalents are only included when their effect is dilutive. Pre-funded warrants from the Company's follow-on offering have been treated as if they were common shares outstanding on the date of issuance. The Company’s potentially dilutive securities which include convertible preferred stock and outstanding stock options under the Company’s equity incentive plans have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as they would be anti-dilutive to the net loss per share. For all periods presented, there is no difference in the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted shares outstanding due to the Company’s net loss position.

Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive were as follows (in common stock equivalent shares):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019	2018
Common stock options	1,742,912	1,282,847
Common warrants	24,026,550	4,062,507
Total	25,769,462	5,345,354

Accounting Standards Updates Adopted

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements and some cost guidance included in the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). This ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. The Company did not have a cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard to all incomplete contracts as there were no changes in the timing of revenue recognition upon adoption. The Company did not elect to apply any practical expedients. In addition to being required, the adoption of this ASU is preferable as it increases comparability in accounting for economically similar transactions across companies in varying industries and provides more useful information to user of financial statements through improved disclosure requirements.

Recently Issued But Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On April 5, 2012, the Jump-Start Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”) was signed into law. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for an emerging growth company. As an emerging growth company, the Company may elect to adopt new or revised accounting standards when they become effective for non-public companies, which typically is later than when public companies must adopt the standards. The Company has elected to take advantage of the extended transition period afforded by the JOBS Act and, as a result, will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for emerging growth companies, which are the dates included below.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the FASB Accounting Standards Codification and creates Topic 842, “Leases.” The new topic supersedes Topic 840, “Leases,” and increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosures of key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. ASU 2016-02 mandates a modified retrospective transition method. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements which allows entities the option to adopt this standard prospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening equity and include required disclosures for prior period. The Company anticipates implementing the standard by taking advantage of the alternative transition method and will apply the transition approach as of the beginning of the period of adoption and will not be restating comparative periods. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of the ASU on the financial statements.

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
Fair Value Measurements	Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements The accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: As of December 31, 2019, cash and cash equivalents are valued using level 1. Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity).

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]

Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Prepayment to supplier	$	409,851	$	74,685
Prepaid insurance	302,433		460,684
Other current assets	457,062		384,131
Total	$	1,169,346	$	919,500

Property and Equipment, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Computer and office equipment	$	476,402		$	476,402
Lab equipment	4,623,714			4,437,794
Service equipment placed at customer sites	1,247,328			149,823
Leasehold improvements	1,875,647			1,875,647
	8,223,091			6,939,666
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(6,273,466		)	(5,162,364		)
	$	1,949,625		$	1,777,302

The Company recorded depreciation expense for property and equipment of $1,127,850 and $1,320,521 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in operating expenses. The cost of product revenue includes $41,118 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Accrued Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Compensation expenses	$	1,805,357	$	1,832,630
Deferred rent	266,282		268,319
Goods received not invoiced	191,721		—
Professional fees and royalties	213,514		195,854
Employee expense reimbursements	187,516		133,697
Interest	125,743		—
Other	435,298		469,629
Total	$	3,225,431	$	2,900,129

Long-Term Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Western Alliance LSA

In March 2016, the Company entered into a new term Loan and Security Agreement with the Western Alliance Bank (the “Western Alliance LSA”) for $7.0 million. The loan proceeds were used to repay the outstanding $5.0 million loan with Square 1 Bank, as required by the twelfth amendment to that certain Loan and Security Agreement with Square 1 Bank.

Additionally, in conjunction with the entry into Western Alliance LSA, the Company issued to Western Alliance Bank a warrant to purchase 510,417 shares of Series D convertible preferred stock at an exercise price of $0.48 per share. The Company valued the warrant to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock using the Black-Scholes-Merton model, and the initial fair value of the warrant to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock of $65,384 was recorded as a debt discount and was being amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan. Upon the closing of the IPO in August 2018, the warrants exercisable for shares of Series D convertible preferred stock were adjusted to warrants exercisable for 11,925 shares of common stock for $20.56 per share. The warrants expire in March 2026.

In December 2016, the Western Alliance LSA was amended, and in conjunction with this amendment, the Company issued to Western Alliance Bank a warrant to purchase 291,667 shares of Series D-1 convertible preferred stock. The Company valued the warrant to purchase Series D-1 convertible preferred stock using the Black-Scholes-Merton model, and the initial fair value of the warrant to purchase Series D-1 convertible preferred stock of $34,300 was recorded as a debt discount and was being amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan. Upon the closing of the IPO in August 2018, the warrants exercisable for shares of Series D-1 convertible preferred stock were adjusted to warrants exercisable for 6,814 shares of common stock for $20.56 per share. The warrants expire in December 2026.

In February 2018, the Western Alliance LSA was amended, requiring the Company to secure $21.0 million in funding prior to June 30, 2018. As part of the amendment, Western Alliance Bank agreed to forbear from exercising any of its default remedies set forth in the Western Alliance LSA as a result of the Company’s previous loan default as of December 31, 2017.

In June 2018, the Western Alliance LSA was amended, replacing previously amended funding requirements and requiring the Company to secure $5.0 million in funding prior to August 3, 2018. Additionally, the amendment restricted the Company’s use of all cash collected from customers, received on and after amendment date, until the Company collected a total of $2.5 million. As part of this amendment, Western Alliance Bank waived the existing default.

In June 2018, the Company repaid the Western Alliance LSA in connection with the MidCap Financial CSA (as defined below).

In November 2018, the Company entered into an Amendment Agreement with Western Alliance Bank to amend (i) that certain Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated March 8, 2016, (ii) that certain Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated December 9, 2016 ((i) and (ii) collectively, the “Bank Warrants”) and (iii) the Western Alliance LSA. Pursuant to Section 2.6(g) of the Western Alliance LSA, the Company was obligated to pay Western Alliance Bank a success fee of $210,000 in connection with the IPO. As part of the Amendment Agreement, this success fee was decreased from $210,000 to $160,000 and the exercise price of the Bank Warrants was decreased to $6.99 per share.

MidCap Financial CSA

In June 2018, the Company entered into a Credit and Security Agreement with MidCap Financial Trust (the “MidCap Financial CSA”) which provided a $15.0 million term loan facility available in a first tranche of $10 million (“Tranche 1”), a second tranche of $2.5 million and a third tranche of $2.5 million. The Company borrowed $10.0 million from Tranche 1 immediately upon execution of the MidCap Financial CSA. Proceeds from the loan were used to repay the outstanding $7.0 million due to Western Alliance LSA.

In March 2019, the Company repaid the MidCap Financial CSA in connection with the Innovatus LSA (as defined below).

The MidCap Financial CSA bore interest at an annual rate of one month LIBOR plus 7.5%, subject to a LIBOR floor of 1.5%. The loan had a 60-month term, with interest only for the first 18 months and straight-line amortization of principal and interest for the remaining 42 months. The MidCap Financial CSA was secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and was scheduled to mature in July 2023.

The Company paid issuance fees of approximately $0.3 million at the inception of the loan, which was recorded as a debt discount and was recognized as additional interest expense over the term of the loan. Subject to certain limited exceptions, amounts prepaid in relation to the MidCap Financial CSA are subject to a prepayment fee determined by multiplying the amount being prepaid by 4% in the first year of the term, 3% in year two, and 2% thereafter. When the Company paid-off the MidCap Financial CSA, it incurred a prepayment fee of $0.4 million. The prepayment fee is recognized as loss on debt extinguishment during the year ended December 31, 2019. In addition, upon repayment of the total amounts borrowed, the Company was required to pay an end of term charge equal to 4% of the total amount borrowed. Accordingly, an end of term charge of $0.4 million was included in other long-term liabilities on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2018. The end of term charge was being recognized as additional interest expense over the term of the loan. The unamortized portion of the end of term charge was written-off as loss on debt extinguishment during the year ended December 31, 2019 in conjunction with the Company's repayment of the MidCap Financial CSA.

In conjunction with entering into the MidCap Financial CSA, the Company issued to MidCap a warrant to purchase 625,000 shares of Series D-1 convertible preferred stock at an exercise price of $0.48 per share that was immediately exercisable. The Company valued the warrant to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock using the Black-Scholes-Merton model, and the initial fair value of the warrant to purchase Series D-1 convertible preferred stock of $0.2 million was recorded as a debt discount and was being amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan. The assumptions used in the model were: the fair value of the Series D-1 convertible preferred stock, which was determined using an OPM analysis, an expected life of 10 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.83% and an expected volatility of 59%. Upon the closing of the IPO in August 2018, the warrant was adjusted from being exercisable for shares of Series D convertible preferred stock to exercisable for 14,602 shares of common stock for $20.56. The warrant expires on June 29, 2028.

In addition, MidCap invested $1.0 million in the convertible note offering at terms identical to other investors described in the Convertible Notes section below.

Innovatus LSA

In March 2019, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Innovatus LSA”) by and among Innovatus Life Sciences Lending Fund I, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Innovatus”), as collateral agent and the lenders listed on Schedule 1.1 thereto, including East West Bank (the “Bank”, and together with the lenders, the “Lenders”). Under the Innovatus LSA, Innovatus agreed, among other things, to make a first term loan of $17.5 million to the Company (the “Term A-1 Loan”), a second term loan of $2.5 million to the Company (the “Term A-2 Loan”) and a third term loan of $5.0 million to the Company (the “Term B Loan”), each upon satisfaction of certain funding conditions. In addition, the Bank has agreed to make available to the Company a revolving line of credit in an amount not to exceed $5.0 million (the “Revolver”).

Under the Innovatus LSA, interest is payable, at the Company’s option (i) in cash at a rate of 10.25% per annum or (ii) at a discounted rate of 7.25% in cash, with 3.0% of the 10.25% per annum rate (the “PIK Loan”) added to the principal of the loan and subject to accruing interest through the end of the interest only payment period. Interest only payments are due on the first of each month through March 2022. Beginning in April 2022, the Company will make equal monthly payments of principal and interest over 24 months. At maturity in March 2024 (or earlier prepayment), the Company is also required to make a final payment equal to 3.75% of the original principal amount borrowed. At inception the Company elected to pay interest in cash at a rate of 7.25% per annum and have 3.0% per annum of the interest added back to the outstanding principal.

The Innovatus LSA provides for prepayment fees of 3.0% of the outstanding balance of the loan if the loan is repaid on or prior to March 14, 2020, 2.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after March 14, 2020 but prior to March 14, 2021, 1.0% of the amount prepaid after March 14, 2021 but prior to March 14, 2022 and 0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs thereafter. In addition, upon repayment of the total amounts borrowed, the Company is required to pay an end of term charge of $0.8 million. This end of term charge is being recognized as additional interest expense over the term of the Innovatus LSA.

The Innovatus LSA is collateralized by substantially all of the Company’s assets, including the Company's intellectual property. The Innovatus LSA requires the Company to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants, including: (1) a liquidity covenant requiring the Company to maintain a minimum cash balance at all times in a collateral account; (2) a revenue covenant requiring the Company to meet certain minimum revenue targets measured at the end of each calendar quarter. The Innovatus LSA also includes standard events of default, including a provision that Innovatus could declare an event of default upon non-compliance with covenants or the occurrence of any event that it interprets as having a material adverse change in the Company's business, operations, or condition, a material impairment on the Company's ability to pay the secured obligations under the Innovatus LSA, or upon a material adverse effect on the collateral under the agreement, thereby requiring the Company to repay the loan immediately, together with a prepayment fee and other applicable fees.

Additionally, in connection with the Innovatus LSA, in March 2019, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Innovatus Purchase Agreement”) with certain entities affiliated with Innovatus (the “Innovatus Investors”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell 406,504 shares of common stock at $3.69 per share for proceeds of $1.5 million. Upon execution of the Innovatus Purchase Agreement, the Company sold all of such shares to the Innovatus Investors. Because the shares were issued at a discount to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the issuance date, the Company recorded the difference of $0.2 million between the issuance price and fair value which was allocated to the debt on a relative fair value basis.

In March 2019, in connection with the receipt of $20.0 million in funding with respect to the Term A-1 Loan and Term A-2 Loan, the Company issued to Innovatus a warrant to purchase up to 161,987 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.63 per share, which has a term of 10 years. The Company applied the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of the warrants, with the following assumptions: a) risk-free rate of 2.43%; b) expected volatility of 66.93%; c) no dividend would be payable; and d) expected life of 10 years. Based on this model, the aggregate relative fair value of the warrants was determined to be $0.6 million. Subject to the terms of the Innovatus LSA, the warrant to be issued in connection with funding of the Term B Loan will entitle the Lender to purchase up to 40,496 shares of the Company’s common stock and will have an exercise price of $4.63 per share.

The Company paid issuance fees of approximately $0.8 million which was recorded as part of the debt discount. The issuance fees are amortized as additional interest expense over the life of the debt using the effective interest method. The Company recognized the fair value of the warrants and the discount of the common stock as a debt discount and along with the issuance costs will amortize these amounts using the effective interest rate method over the life of the applicable term loan. The effective interest rate as of December 31, 2019 was 13.7%.

In May 2019, the Company began to draw down on its $5.0 million revolving line of credit (the Revolver). Through December 31, 2019, the Company had borrowed $5.1 million and had repaid $3.6 million under the Revolver. The Company may repay and borrow amounts under the Revolver at any time prior to the March 1, 2024 maturity date without penalty or premium, at which time such amounts will become immediately due and payable. The Company’s obligation to repay amounts borrowed under the Revolver is subject to acceleration upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including an event of default and a permitted prepayment of the term loans borrowed under the Loan Agreement. The outstanding balance of amounts borrowed under the Revolver bear interest at a rate equal to 2.0% above the variable rate of interest, per annum, most recently announced by the Bank as its “prime rate,” whether or not such announced rate is the lowest rate available from the Bank.

In June 2019, the Innovatus LSA was amended to among other things: (i) extend the deadline for the Company to maintain its domestic depository and operating accounts with the Bank, subject to a control agreement in favor of Innovatus, to July 31, 2019 and (ii) permit the Company to incur credit card indebtedness in an amount not to exceed $150,000. As of September 30, 2019, the Company did not achieve a certain trailing twelve month revenue covenant under the Innovatus LSA.

In October 2019, the Company obtained a waiver letter (the “Waiver Letter”) from Innovatus, with respect to certain financial covenants under the Innovatus LSA. Pursuant to the Waiver Letter, Innovatus agreed to allow the Company to cure its noncompliance with a revenue covenant as of September 30, 2019 so long as the Company (i) raised at least $10 million in gross proceeds from the sale of its securities in an underwritten public offering by October 31, 2019 and (ii) amended that certain Warrant to Purchase Stock, issued by the Company to Innovatus in March 2019 (the "Innovatus Warrant"), to decrease the exercise price of the Innovatus Warrant from $4.63 per share to $0.48 per share (the “Warrant Amendment”). Also pursuant to the Waiver Letter, as consideration for the prospective waiver of a liquidity covenant, the Company agreed to issue to Innovatus 572,917 shares of the Company's common stock. As a result of the amendment and shares issued, the Company recognized $549,955 in incremental debt issuance cost which is being amortized to interest expense over the remaining term.

In October 2019, the Company completed (i) its follow-on public offering, which resulted in gross proceeds to the Company, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, of approximately $18.0 million and (ii) the Warrant Amendment. In November 2019, the Company entered into a Common Stock Issuance Agreement (the “Innovatus Issuance Agreement”) with Innovatus, pursuant to which it issued Innovatus 572,917 shares of the Company’s common stock in accordance with the terms of the Waiver. Also on November 8, 2019, the Company amended the Innovatus Registration Rights Agreement to include such shares of common stock as Registrable Securities as defined in such agreement.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company did not achieve certain financial covenants under the Innovatus LSA. Subsequent to December 31, 2019, in March 2020, the Company and Innovatus entered into an amendment to the Innovatus LSA to, among other things, waive the events of default from not achieving the specific financial covenants for the December 31, 2019 measurement date, require an immediate partial repayment of $2,100,000 and an additional payment of $2,900,000 on the earlier of completion of an equity raise, as defined in the amendment, or April 30, 2020. In addition, the amendment modified the liquidity covenant that requires the Company to maintain a minimum cash balance, which varies depending on borrowing capacity under the Revolver and operating cash flows but no less than $2 million, as well as modified the events of default. Furthermore, the amendment provides for a cure period for the minimum revenue financial covenants as long as the Company submits updated management plans and financial projections, which are subject to Innovatus approval, and completes an additional equity raise, as defined in the amendment, within 45 days of the breach. The amendment also included a reduction in the minimum revenue covenant amounts. In connection with the March 2020 amendment, the Company is obligated to pay Innovatus a waiver fee in the amount of $200,000 and a prepayment fee of $100,000, payable in cash or Company stock at the Company's election, no later than following completion of the additional equity raise. As of December 31, 2019, the Company has classified all borrowings from Innovatus as current debt as the Company has not yet met the requirements of the cure described above.

Convertible Notes

In February 2018, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with various investors, which included related parties (the “Investors”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell to the Investors convertible promissory notes (the “Convertible Notes”) in the original principal amount of up to $16.0 million. In April 2018, the Company amended the Note Purchase Agreement to, among other things, increase the principal amount available for issuance under the Note Purchase Agreement to $18.4 million. In June 2018, the Note Purchase Agreement was amended to increase the principal amount available for issuance from $18.4 million to $19.4 million. In August 2018, the outstanding convertible promissory notes of $14.9 million of principal and interest were converted into 3,239,294 shares of common stock upon completion of the IPO. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, there are no convertible notes outstanding. The Convertible Notes had a maturity date of September 30, 2018 and were convertible either into the Company’s common stock or convertible preferred stock, dependent on the conversion events.

Summary of Debt Obligations

Debt obligations consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Innovatus LSA	$	20,473,436		$	—
MidCap Financial CSA	—			10,000,000
Revolver	1,497,955			—
Total principal	21,971,391			10,000,000
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs	(1,886,446		)	(970,626		)
Total carrying value of debt	$	20,084,945		$	9,029,374

Future minimum scheduled principal payments, including the impact of the March 2020 amendment discussed above, for the term loan obligation as of December 31, 2019 are as follows:



	December 31, 2019
2020	$	5,000,000
2021	—
2022	5,435,837
2023	7,926,346
2024	2,111,253
Total	$	20,473,436

The Company's Revolver allows the Company to borrow and repay amounts at any time prior to the maturity date in 2024.

Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

Sale of Common Stock

In March 2019, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Aspire Purchase Agreement”) with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC (“Aspire Capital”) which provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations therein, Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to certain limitations, including that Aspire Capital is not required to purchase shares if such purchase would result in Aspire Capital (together with its affiliates) beneficially owning more than 19.99% of the Company’s common stock outstanding.

Concurrently with entering into the Aspire Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a registration rights agreement with Aspire Capital, in which the Company agreed to file one or more registration statements, as permissible and necessary to register under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the sale of the shares of the Company’s common stock that have been and may be issued to Aspire Capital under the Aspire Purchase Agreement.

Upon execution of the Aspire Purchase Agreement, the Company sold 272,479 shares of the Company’s common stock to Aspire Capital at $3.67 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.0 million. Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to $9.0 million of additional shares of common stock, subject to beneficial ownership limitations, solely at the Company’s request from time to time during a 30 month period beginning in April 2019 and at a per share purchase price equal to the lesser of:


•	the lowest sale price of the Company’s common stock on the purchase date; or


•	the average of the three lowest closing sale prices for the Company’s common stock during the ten consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately preceding the purchase date.

In consideration for entering into the Aspire Purchase Agreement and concurrently with the execution of the Aspire Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 69,444 shares of its common stock to Aspire Capital. The value of these shares was netted against the proceeds received as issuance costs.

In December 2019, pursuant to the terms of the Aspire Purchase Agreement, the Company sold 1,067,361 shares of its common stock to Aspire Capital, resulting in $1,116,067 in gross proceeds to the Company. As of December 31, 2019, due to beneficial ownership limitations, the Company cannot sell additional shares of its common stock to Aspire Capital.

Follow-on Public Offering

In October 2019, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 10,013,600 shares of its common stock and, to certain investors, pre-funded warrants to purchase 10,923,958 shares of its common stock, and accompanying common warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 20,937,558 shares of its common stock. Each share of common stock and pre-funded warrant to purchase one share of common stock was sold together with a common warrant to purchase one share of common stock.

The public offering price of each share of common stock and accompanying common warrant was $0.86 and $0.859 for each pre-funded warrant and accompanying common warrant. The pre-funded warrants are immediately exercisable at a price of $0.001 per share of common stock. The common warrants are immediately exercisable at a price of $0.86 per share of common stock and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants, and the accompanying common warrants, were issued separately and were immediately separable upon issuance. The gross proceeds to the Company, before deducting offering costs of $2.0 million, were approximately $18.0 million.

Convertible Preferred Stock

Prior to the IPO, there were 121,992,497 shares of convertible preferred stock outstanding. As a result of the IPO, each 42.8 shares of the Company's convertible preferred stock was converted into one share of common stock at a conversion price of $1.3995 for each share of Series A, B and B-1 convertible preferred stock, $1.4043 for each share of Series C convertible preferred stock and $0.48 for each share of Series D and D-1 convertible preferred stock. As of December 31, 2019, there are no shares of the Company's convertible preferred stock outstanding.

Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants

In March 2016, in conjunction with the Western Alliance LSA, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 510,417 shares of Series D convertible preferred stock to Western Alliance Bank at an exercise price of $0.48 per share. Additionally, in conjunction with the first amendment to the Western Alliance LSA, on December 9, 2016, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 291,667 shares of Series D-1 convertible preferred stock to Western Alliance Bank at an exercise price of $0.48 per share. Both of these warrants expire in 2026.

In June 2018, in conjunction with the MidCap Financial CSA, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 625,000 shares of Series D-1 convertible preferred stock to MidCap Financial at an exercise price of $0.48 per share. This warrant expires in 2028.

There were no warrants exercisable for the Company’s convertible preferred stock following the closing of the IPO. Of the 37.2 million warrants previously exercisable for preferred stock, 35.7 million warrants expired on the effective date of the IPO. The remaining 1.5 million warrants previously exercisable for preferred stock were adjusted to become exercisable for common stock. Prior to the IPO, the Company estimated fair value of the convertible preferred stock warrants at the time of issuance and subsequent re-measurement using the Black-Scholes-Merton model at each reporting date. On the date of the IPO and going forward, all outstanding warrants are accounted for as equity and are not subject to re-measurement.

Common Stock Warrants

In November 2018, the Company issued to LifeSci Capital, LLC, a warrant to purchase 44,183 shares of its common stock, and to Russell Creative Group, a warrant to purchase 3,311 shares of its common stock (together, the “Service Provider Warrants”), each having an exercise price of $8.25 per share of the Company's common stock and a term of five years. The Service Provider Warrants were issued in full satisfaction of the Company's obligations to pay to LifeSci Capital, LLC an aggregate of $150,000 for capital advisory and investor relations services and to Russell Creative Group an aggregate of $15,000 for branding and marketing services. The Company valued these warrants using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The assumptions used in the model were: the fair value of the Company's common stock, an expected life of 10 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.93%, and an expected volatility of 62.28%.

In November 2018, the Company entered into an amendment agreement with Western Alliance Bank in order to amend the previously issued warrants to purchase preferred stock, dated March 8, 2016 and December 9, 2016, respectively, which, in connection with the IPO, were adjusted to warrants exercisable for shares of common stock. Pursuant to the Amendment Agreement, the exercise price of the Bank Warrants was decreased from $20.56 per share to $6.99 per share. All other terms of the Bank Warrants remain in full force and effect.

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows:



	Shares of Stock under Warrants		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	4,062,507		$	6.32	4.67
Granted	32,023,503		$	0.57	4.84
Exercised	(11,678,458	)	$	0.07		$	10,457,345
Canceled	(1,502	)	$	59.90
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	24,406,050		$	1.76	4.82	$	7,932,689

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized debt issuance costs of $675,617 for warrants issued in 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recognized debt issuance costs of $176,813, IPO offering costs of $361,149 and expensed $165,000 for warrants issued in 2018.

Subsequent to December 31, 2019, on March 2, 2020, the Company entered into a Warrants Amendment and Agreement with certain holders of warrants that were exercisable of 3,200,000 shares of common stock. The agreement reduced the exercise price of existing warrants from $.86 per share to $0.75 per share, which were exercised following the amendment, in addition to issuing 3,200,000 new warrants at an exercise price per share of $1.06 that are exercisable six months from the date of issuance and have a contractual term of five years, six months.

2018 Equity Incentive Plan

In August 2018, the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) and its stockholders adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), as a successor to and continuation of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”). Under the 2018 Plan, the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other awards to individuals who are then its employees, directors and consultants, including employees and consultants of its affiliates. The Company has initially reserved 1,499,454 shares of common stock for issuance under the 2018 Plan, which is the sum of (1) 1,000,000 new shares, plus (2) the number of shares that remained available for issuance under the 2006 Plan at the time the 2018 Plan became effective, and (3) any shares subject to outstanding stock options or other stock awards that were granted under the 2006 Plan that would have otherwise returned to the 2006 Plan. In addition, the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each calendar year, starting on January 1, 2019 through January 1, 2028, in an amount equal to 5% of the total number of shares of the Company’s capital stock outstanding on the last day of the calendar month before the date of each automatic increase, or a lesser number of shares determined by the Board. As of December 31, 2019, 196,731 shares of common stock were authorized for future grants under the 2018 Plan.

Stock Options

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan is as follows:



	Shares of Stock under Stock Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	436,341	$	5.14	9.0
Granted	886,023	$	7.69
Exercised	(2,062)	$	1.70		$	6,046
Canceled	(37,455)	$	5.20
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,282,847	$	6.90	9.2
Granted	716,960	$	3.78
Exercised	(50,665)	$	1.30		$	151,819
Canceled	(206,230)	$	7.20
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	1,742,912	$	5.73	8.2	$	4,356
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2019	1,709,588	$	5.81	8.2	$	4,356
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2019	817,026	$	6.33	7.4	$	—

The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock option grants during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $2.16 and $6.99, respectively. The contractual term of stock options granted to employees was 10 years, which is also the maximum contractual term permitted for stock options (and stock appreciation rights) issued under the 2018 Plan. Stock options generally vest or become exercisable monthly over a four-year period.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Research and development	$	240,692	$	260,840
General and administrative	1,105,331		933,033
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,346,023	$	1,193,873

The weighted-average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of the employee stock option grants were as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019	2018

Risk-free interest rate	2.4%	2.9%
Expected volatility	66.7%	62.1%
Expected term (in years)	5.1	5.2
Expected dividend yield	0.0%	0.0%

Risk-free interest rate. The risk-free rate assumption is based on the U.S. Treasury instruments, the terms of which were consistent with the expected term of the Company’s stock options.

Expected volatility. Due to the Company’s limited operating history and lack of company-specific historical or implied volatility as a private company, the expected volatility assumption was determined by examining the historical volatilities of a group of industry peers whose share prices are publicly available.

Expected term. The expected term of stock options represents the weighted-average period the stock options are expected to be outstanding. The Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term due to the limited period of time its equity shares have been publicly traded. As a result, the Company uses the simplified method for estimating the expected term as provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual life of the options.

Expected dividend yield. The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts. The Company has not paid and does not intend to pay dividends.

Forfeitures. The Company reduces stock-based compensation expense for actual forfeitures during the period.

As of December 31, 2019, the unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options was $2,512,964 and is expected to be recognized as expense over approximately 2.2 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In August 2018, the Board and the Company’s stockholders adopted the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). A total of 175,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP. In addition, the number shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP will automatically increase on January 1 of each calendar year, beginning on January 1, 2019, through January 1, 2028, by the lesser of (1) 1% of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on the last day of the calendar month before the date of the automatic increase, (2) 220,000 shares, or (3) a lesser number of shares as determined by the Board. As of December 31, 2019, 165,402 shares of common stock were authorized for future grants under the ESPP.

Commitment and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The Company leases certain office and lab space in San Diego, California under a non-cancelable operating lease, which has been amended from-time-to-time to expand the space and extend the term, which is currently through December 2025. In November 2018, the Company entered into a sublease agreement (the “Sublease”) whereby a subtenant agreed to lease a portion of the office and lab space from the Company through December 2020.

Rent expense was $171,796 and $556,321 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, including the offsets for amortization of the leasehold incentive obligation of $225,052 for each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and sublease rental income of $422,116 and $35,176 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The future minimum lease payments required under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2019, are summarized as follows:



Year Ending December 31,	Gross Payments		Scheduled Sublease Payments			Net Payments
2020	$	902,412	$	(464,334	)	$	438,078
2021	611,061		—			611,061
2022	638,740		—			638,740
2023	666,411		—			666,411
2024	696,388		—			696,388
2025 and thereafter	728,671		—			728,671
Total minimum lease payments	$	4,243,683	$	(464,334	)	$	3,779,349

Royalty Agreements

The Company has entered into agreements to market and distribute chips and kits used in its instruments. The Company is obligated to pay royalties based on sales during each annual license period. Such royalty agreements extend through the life of underlying intellectual property which is affected by the patent filing date and jurisdiction.

Certain royalty agreements require the Company to make minimum payments regardless of the level of sales achieved. As of December 31, 2019, annual future minimum royalty payments total $110,000 and are payable through November 2026.

Purchase Commitments

The Company has a contractual commitment with a supplier to purchase $165,000 of products every three months for an initial term of two years beginning in March 2019. The contract can be terminated on 90 days written notice by either party.

Litigation

The Company is subject to potential liabilities under various claims and legal actions that are pending or may be asserted. These matters arise in the ordinary course and conduct of the business. The Company intends to continue to defend itself vigorously in such matters. The Company regularly assesses contingencies to determine the degree of probability and range of possible loss for potential accrual in the financial statements. An estimated loss contingency is accrued in the financial statements if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Based on the Company’s assessment, it currently does not have any amount accrued as it is not a defendant in any claims or legal actions.

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are shown below.



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	41,780,806		$	35,104,728
Research and development credits	5,007,178			4,577,582
Other	1,406,893			1,725,577
Total	48,194,877			41,407,887
Less: valuation allowance	(48,194,877		)	(41,407,887		)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	$	—		$	—

The provision for domestic and foreign income taxes is as follows:



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Current:
Foreign	$	19,492	$	13,955
State and local	1,556		1,556
Income tax provision	$	21,048	$	15,511

The domestic and foreign components of income (loss) from continuing operations are as follows:



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Domestic	$	(29,851,428	)	$	(18,515,638	)
Foreign	57,406			34,757
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(29,794,022	)	$	(18,480,881	)

A reconciliation of the income tax computed at the federal statutory tax rate to the expense for income taxes are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Income taxes at statutory rate	$	(6,256,953	)	$	(3,880,985	)
State income taxes, net of federal benefits	(529,351		)	(476,179		)
Change in valuation allowance	6,786,990			5,617,471
Other permanent differences	449,958			95,852
Research credits	(429,596		)	(502,511		)
Change in fair value of warrants	—			(838,137		)
Income tax expense	$	21,048		$	15,511

As of December 31, 2019, the Company has federal and state tax net operating loss carryforwards of $176.9 million and $66.0 million, respectively. The federal tax loss carryforwards include $47.9 million that do not expire but utilization is limited to 80% of the Company's taxable income in any given tax year based on current federal tax laws. The remaining federal tax loss carryforwards of $129.0 million and state tax loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2027 and 2023, respectively, unless previously utilized. As of December 31, 2019, the Company also has federal and California research credit carryforwards of $4.9 million and $4.4 million, respectively. The federal research credit carryforwards begin to expire in 2027 unless previously utilized. The California research credits carry forward indefinitely.

Management assesses all available evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. The Company has experienced net losses since inception, and the revenue and income potential of the Company’s business and market are unproven. Due to the Company’s continuing research and development activities, the Company expects to continue to incur net losses into the foreseeable future. As such, the Company cannot conclude that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will be realized.

In addition, utilization of net operating losses and research and development (“R&D”) credit carryforwards may be subject to limitations due to ownership changes that have occurred or that could occur in the future in accordance with applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), as well as similar state and foreign provisions.

In 2013, the Company completed its analysis for the period from inception through December 31, 2012, and determined the ownership changes had not resulted in any limitations on the existing net operating losses and R&D credits. However, there may have been ownership changes subsequent to December 31, 2012, that could limit the Company’s ability to utilize the net operating loss and R&D credit carryforwards. Given the Company's ongoing net operating losses, the Company does not expect to utilize any of the net operating loss and R&D credit carryforwards in the near-term but will complete an updated assessment prior to using any in the future.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019		2018
Balance at beginning of the year	$	3,389,136	$	3,018,563
Increase related to current year positions	319,026		370,573
Balance at the end of the year	$	3,708,162	$	3,389,136

Due to the valuation allowance position, none of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, will impact the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate a significant change in the unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company had no accrual of interest and penalties on the Company’s balance sheets and has not recognized interest and penalties in the statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and the United Kingdom. The Company is subject to examination by the United States and state authorities due to the carry forward of unutilized net operating losses and R&D credits.

Employee Benefits	12 Months Ended
Employee Benefits	Dec. 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee Benefits	Employee Benefits The Company has a defined contribution 401(k) plan available to eligible employees. Under the terms of the plan, employees may make voluntary contributions as a percent of compensation, limited to the maximum amount allowable under federal tax regulations. The Company, at its discretion, may make certain contributions to the 401(k) plan. The Company expensed matching contributions of $381,670 and $272,507 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

The unaudited quarterly financial information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. The Company believes that the following unaudited information reflects all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the information for the periods presented. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period. The following table contains selected unaudited financial data for each of the indicated periods:



	Three months ended
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,
	2019
Revenue	$	1,852,746		$	2,174,635		$	3,312,997		$	2,789,130
Cost of Revenue	$	1,147,042		$	1,555,246		$	2,375,100		$	1,690,759
Operating Expenses	$	6,890,713		$	7,463,697		$	6,622,993		$	8,258,864
Net Loss	$	(7,851,743	)	$	(7,664,566	)	$	(6,398,166	)	$	(7,900,595	)
	2018
Revenue	$	1,768,485		$	3,390,009		$	2,828,704		$	4,013,537
Cost of Revenue	$	841,449		$	1,813,430		$	3,068,332		$	2,988,115
Operating Expenses	$	5,262,497		$	5,588,800		$	5,729,212		$	7,123,985
Net Loss	$	(3,847,362	)	$	(3,311,476	)	$	(4,926,097	)	$	(6,411,457	)

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Use of Estimates, Policy

Use of Estimates

Description of Business

Basis of Presentation

Reverse Stock-Splits

Reverse Stock Splits

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Concentration of Credit Risk

Concentrations

Credit Risks

Sources of Materials and Products

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is subject to concentration risk whenever a customer has a balance that meets or exceeds 10% of the Company's total accounts receivable balance.

Inventory

Property and Equipment

Long-Lived Assets

Revenue Recognition

Revenue by Source



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Instrument revenue	$	6,762,463	$	8,441,325
Consumable revenue	2,711,981		3,021,848
Product revenue	9,474,444		11,463,173
Services and other revenue	655,064		537,562
Total revenue	$	10,129,508	$	12,000,735

Revenue by Geographic Location



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019				2018
	$		%		$		%
North America	$	5,030,267	50	%	$	4,594,814	38	%
EMEIA	3,627,602		36	%	3,954,693		33	%
Asia Pacific	1,471,639		14	%	3,451,228		29	%
Total	$	10,129,508	100	%	$	12,000,735	100	%

Variable Consideration

Remaining Performance Obligations

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Distributor Transactions

Cost of Revenue

Cost of other revenue consists of salaries and other personnel costs, and facility costs associated with costs related to warranties and other costs of servicing equipment at customer sites.

Research and Development Costs

Costs incurred for research and product development, including acquired technology and costs incurred for technology in the development stage, are expensed as incurred.

Patent Costs

Costs related to filing and pursuing patent applications are recorded as selling, general and administrative expense and expensed as incurred since recoverability of such expenditures is uncertain.

Share-based Compensation

Stock-based Compensation

Income Taxes

Comprehensive Loss

Net loss and comprehensive loss were the same for all periods presented; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss is not included in the financial statements.

Segment Reporting

Net Loss Per Share

Accounting Standards Updates and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Updates Adopted

Recently Issued But Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Inventories

The components of inventories are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019		2018

Materials and supplies	$	950,846	$	161,468
Finished Goods	2,492,713		907,089
	$	3,443,559	$	1,068,557

Revenue Recognition

Revenue by Source



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Instrument revenue	$	6,762,463	$	8,441,325
Consumable revenue	2,711,981		3,021,848
Product revenue	9,474,444		11,463,173
Services and other revenue	655,064		537,562
Total revenue	$	10,129,508	$	12,000,735

Revenue by Geographic Location



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019				2018
	$		%		$		%
North America	$	5,030,267	50	%	$	4,594,814	38	%
EMEIA	3,627,602		36	%	3,954,693		33	%
Asia Pacific	1,471,639		14	%	3,451,228		29	%
Total	$	10,129,508	100	%	$	12,000,735	100	%

Schedule of Potentially Dilutive Securities not Included in Calculation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive were as follows (in common stock equivalent shares):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019	2018
Common stock options	1,742,912	1,282,847
Common warrants	24,026,550	4,062,507
Total	25,769,462	5,345,354

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Prepayment to supplier	$	409,851	$	74,685
Prepaid insurance	302,433		460,684
Other current assets	457,062		384,131
Total	$	1,169,346	$	919,500

Property and Equipment, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Computer and office equipment	$	476,402		$	476,402
Lab equipment	4,623,714			4,437,794
Service equipment placed at customer sites	1,247,328			149,823
Leasehold improvements	1,875,647			1,875,647
	8,223,091			6,939,666
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(6,273,466		)	(5,162,364		)
	$	1,949,625		$	1,777,302

Accrued Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Compensation expenses	$	1,805,357	$	1,832,630
Deferred rent	266,282		268,319
Goods received not invoiced	191,721		—
Professional fees and royalties	213,514		195,854
Employee expense reimbursements	187,516		133,697
Interest	125,743		—
Other	435,298		469,629
Total	$	3,225,431	$	2,900,129

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt and Unamortized Discount Balances

Debt obligations consist of the following:



	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Innovatus LSA	$	20,473,436		$	—
MidCap Financial CSA	—			10,000,000
Revolver	1,497,955			—
Total principal	21,971,391			10,000,000
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs	(1,886,446		)	(970,626		)
Total carrying value of debt	$	20,084,945		$	9,029,374

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt

Future minimum scheduled principal payments, including the impact of the March 2020 amendment discussed above, for the term loan obligation as of December 31, 2019 are as follows:



	December 31, 2019
2020	$	5,000,000
2021	—
2022	5,435,837
2023	7,926,346
2024	2,111,253
Total	$	20,473,436

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Warrant Activity

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows:



	Shares of Stock under Warrants		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	4,062,507		$	6.32	4.67
Granted	32,023,503		$	0.57	4.84
Exercised	(11,678,458	)	$	0.07		$	10,457,345
Canceled	(1,502	)	$	59.90
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	24,406,050		$	1.76	4.82	$	7,932,689

Summary of Stock Option Activity Under 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan is as follows:



	Shares of Stock under Stock Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	436,341	$	5.14	9.0
Granted	886,023	$	7.69
Exercised	(2,062)	$	1.70		$	6,046
Canceled	(37,455)	$	5.20
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,282,847	$	6.90	9.2
Granted	716,960	$	3.78
Exercised	(50,665)	$	1.30		$	151,819
Canceled	(206,230)	$	7.20
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	1,742,912	$	5.73	8.2	$	4,356
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2019	1,709,588	$	5.81	8.2	$	4,356
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2019	817,026	$	6.33	7.4	$	—

Summary of Recognized Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Research and development	$	240,692	$	260,840
General and administrative	1,105,331		933,033
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	1,346,023	$	1,193,873

Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions in Black -Scholes Option Pricing Model

The weighted-average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of the employee stock option grants were as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019	2018

Risk-free interest rate	2.4%	2.9%
Expected volatility	66.7%	62.1%
Expected term (in years)	5.1	5.2
Expected dividend yield	0.0%	0.0%

Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Required under Non-Cancelable Leases

The future minimum lease payments required under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2019, are summarized as follows:



Year Ending December 31,	Gross Payments		Scheduled Sublease Payments			Net Payments
2020	$	902,412	$	(464,334	)	$	438,078
2021	611,061		—			611,061
2022	638,740		—			638,740
2023	666,411		—			666,411
2024	696,388		—			696,388
2025 and thereafter	728,671		—			728,671
Total minimum lease payments	$	4,243,683	$	(464,334	)	$	3,779,349

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are shown below.



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	41,780,806		$	35,104,728
Research and development credits	5,007,178			4,577,582
Other	1,406,893			1,725,577
Total	48,194,877			41,407,887
Less: valuation allowance	(48,194,877		)	(41,407,887		)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	$	—		$	—

Schedule of Provision for Domestic and Foreign Income Taxes

The provision for domestic and foreign income taxes is as follows:



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Current:
Foreign	$	19,492	$	13,955
State and local	1,556		1,556
Income tax provision	$	21,048	$	15,511

Schedule of Domestic and Foreign Components of Income (Loss)

The domestic and foreign components of income (loss) from continuing operations are as follows:



	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Domestic	$	(29,851,428	)	$	(18,515,638	)
Foreign	57,406			34,757
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(29,794,022	)	$	(18,480,881	)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

A reconciliation of the income tax computed at the federal statutory tax rate to the expense for income taxes are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Income taxes at statutory rate	$	(6,256,953	)	$	(3,880,985	)
State income taxes, net of federal benefits	(529,351		)	(476,179		)
Change in valuation allowance	6,786,990			5,617,471
Other permanent differences	449,958			95,852
Research credits	(429,596		)	(502,511		)
Change in fair value of warrants	—			(838,137		)
Income tax expense	$	21,048		$	15,511

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, are as follows:



	December 31,
	2019		2018
Balance at beginning of the year	$	3,389,136	$	3,018,563
Increase related to current year positions	319,026		370,573
Balance at the end of the year	$	3,708,162	$	3,389,136

Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Information

The following table contains selected unaudited financial data for each of the indicated periods:



	Three months ended
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,
	2019
Revenue	$	1,852,746		$	2,174,635		$	3,312,997		$	2,789,130
Cost of Revenue	$	1,147,042		$	1,555,246		$	2,375,100		$	1,690,759
Operating Expenses	$	6,890,713		$	7,463,697		$	6,622,993		$	8,258,864
Net Loss	$	(7,851,743	)	$	(7,664,566	)	$	(6,398,166	)	$	(7,900,595	)
	2018
Revenue	$	1,768,485		$	3,390,009		$	2,828,704		$	4,013,537
Cost of Revenue	$	841,449		$	1,813,430		$	3,068,332		$	2,988,115
Operating Expenses	$	5,262,497		$	5,588,800		$	5,729,212		$	7,123,985
Net Loss	$	(3,847,362	)	$	(3,311,476	)	$	(4,926,097	)	$	(6,411,457	)

Organization and Operations - Additional Information (Details)			1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 15, 2018	Jul. 16, 2018	Aug. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) shares
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of securities called by each warrant (shares) \| shares			1
Conversion of preferred stock warrants into common stock warrants					$ 84,676
Outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued interest converted, amount				$ 0	14,898,327
Stock split, conversion ratio	0.5	0.0467
Accumulated deficit				(102,577,498)	(72,762,428)
Net cash used in operating activities				(29,529,720)	(19,943,847)
Cash and cash equivalents				$ 17,311,373	$ 16,522,729
Common Stock
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of units sold (shares) \| shares				11,829,388
Number of securities called by each IPO unit (in shares) \| shares			1
Warrant
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of securities called by each IPO unit (in shares) \| shares			1
Initial Public Offering
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of units sold (shares) \| shares			3,864,000
Offering price per unit (USD per share) \| $ / shares			$ 6.125
Net cash proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions			$ 19,400,000
Payments of stock issuance costs			$ 4,300,000
Number of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible preferred stock (shares) \| shares			2,850,280
Conversion of preferred stock warrants into common stock warrants			$ 84,676
Fair value of warrants			400,000
Initial Public Offering \| Common Stock
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of units sold (shares) \| shares					3,864,000
Outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued interest converted, amount			$ 14,900,000
Outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued interest converted, (shares) \| shares			3,239,294
Initial Public Offering \| Maximum
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Issuance of warrants to underwriters to purchase of common stock (shares) \| shares			115,920

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2018 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Allowance for doubtful accounts		$ 554,867
Inventory write-down		0	$ 1,287,000
Impairment of long-lived assets		0	0
Cash and cash equivalents		17,311,373	16,522,729
Accumulated deficit		$ (102,577,498)	(72,762,428)
Number of securities called by each warrant (shares) \| shares	1
Performance obligation period		3- to 12-month
Revenue recognized		$ 270,171	$ 211,697
Number of operating segments \| segment		1
Minimum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful life		3 years
Maximum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful life		5 years
Initial Public Offering
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of units sold (shares) \| shares	3,864,000
Payments of stock issuance costs	$ 4,300,000
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued upon conversion \| shares	2,850,280
UNITED STATES \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue		47.00%	38.00%
CHINA \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue		5.00%	17.00%
Irys Instruments
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Inventory net realizable value				$ 1,300,000
Ultravision Technology Ltd. \| Accounts Receivable
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue			13.00%
BioStar Company \| Accounts Receivable
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue			12.00%
HistoGenetics \| Accounts Receivable
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue			10.00%
Gene Company Ltd \| Accounts Receivable
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of revenue		10.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Components of Inventories (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Materials and supplies	$ 950,846	$ 161,468
Finished Goods	2,492,713	907,089
Total	$ 3,443,559	$ 1,068,557

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue by Source and Geographic Location (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 2,789,130	$ 3,312,997	$ 2,174,635	$ 1,852,746	$ 4,013,537	$ 2,828,704	$ 3,390,009	$ 1,768,485	$ 10,129,508	$ 12,000,735
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue									100.00%	100.00%
North America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 5,030,267	$ 4,594,814
North America \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue									50.00%	38.00%
EMEIA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 3,627,602	$ 3,954,693
EMEIA \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue									36.00%	33.00%
Asia Pacific
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 1,471,639	$ 3,451,228
Asia Pacific \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue									14.00%	29.00%
Product revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 9,474,444	$ 11,463,173
Instrument revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									6,762,463	8,441,325
Consumable revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									2,711,981	3,021,848
Service and other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 655,064	$ 537,562

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Performance obligation	$ 540,140
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year
Performance obligation, percentage	66.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year
Performance obligation, percentage	31.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year
Performance obligation, percentage	3.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Potentially Dilutive Securities not Included in Calculation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount	25,769,462	5,345,354
Common stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount	1,742,912	1,282,847
Common warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount	24,026,550	4,062,507

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets - Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepayment to supplier	$ 409,851	$ 74,685
Prepaid insurance	302,433	460,684
Other current assets	457,062	384,131
Total	$ 1,169,346	$ 919,500

Property and Equipment, net - Schedule of Property and Equipment, net (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 8,223,091	$ 6,939,666
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(6,273,466)	(5,162,364)
Property and equipment, net	1,949,625	1,777,302
Computer and office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	476,402	476,402
Lab equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	4,623,714	4,437,794
Service equipment placed at customer sites
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,247,328	149,823
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,875,647	$ 1,875,647

Property and Equipment, net - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 1,127,850	$ 1,320,521
Reagent rentals
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 41,118	$ 0

Accrued Expenses - Schedule of Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Compensation expenses	$ 1,805,357	$ 1,832,630
Deferred rent	266,282	268,319
Goods received not invoiced	191,721	0
Professional fees and royalties	213,514	195,854
Employee expense reimbursements	187,516	133,697
Interest	125,743	0
Other	435,298	469,629
Total	$ 3,225,431	$ 2,900,129

Long-Term Debt - Additional Information - Western Alliance LSA (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Nov. 30, 2018	Aug. 31, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Feb. 28, 2018	Dec. 09, 2016	Mar. 08, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)				$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Shares of common stock (shares)				24,406,050	4,062,507
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)										$ 0.48	$ 0.48
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)								$ 0.48
Western Alliance LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayment of outstanding term loan	$ 7,000,000
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)					$ 6.99
Required secure funding	5,000,000								$ 21,000,000
Total cash collected from customers	$ 2,500,000
Prepayment fee					$ 160,000	$ 210,000
Western Alliance LSA \| Series D and D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)							$ 20.56
Shares of common stock (shares)							11,925
Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)							$ 20.56
Shares of common stock (shares)							6,814
Term Loan \| Western Alliance LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from loan			$ 7,000,000
Term Loan \| Western Alliance LSA \| Series D and D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares issued (shares)			510,417
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)			$ 0.48
Term Loan \| Western Alliance LSA \| Series D Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt discount and amortization of interest expense			$ 65,384
Term Loan \| Western Alliance LSA \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares issued (shares)		291,667
Debt discount and amortization of interest expense		$ 34,300
Term Loan \| Square 1 Loan and Security Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayment of outstanding term loan			$ 5,000,000

Long-Term Debt - Additional Information - MidCap Financial CSA (Details)		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 29, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Nov. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2018 $ / shares shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share) \| $ / shares			$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Debt discount and amortization of interest expense			$ 1,886,446	$ 970,626
Shares of common stock (shares) \| shares			24,406,050	4,062,507
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares) \| shares	625,000
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.48
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Expected life
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions term			10 years
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Risk-free interest rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions			0.0293
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Volatility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions			0.6228
Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share) \| $ / shares						$ 20.56
Shares of common stock (shares) \| shares						6,814
MidCap Financial CSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan facility available		$ 15,000,000
Annual interest rate bears	7.50%
LIBOR subject to floor rate	1.50%
Debt instrument maturity period	60 months
Debt instrument interest only portion maturity period	18 months
Debt instrument principal and interest maturity period	42 months
Debt issuance fees paid	$ 300,000
Prepayment fee percentage	4.00%
Prepayment fee			$ 400,000
Additional amount invested in term loan facility			$ 1,000,000
MidCap Financial CSA \| Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares) \| shares	625,000
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.48
Debt discount and amortization of interest expense	$ 200,000
Shares of common stock (shares) \| shares						14,602
MidCap Financial CSA \| Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Expected life
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions term	10 years
MidCap Financial CSA \| Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Risk-free interest rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions	0.0283
MidCap Financial CSA \| Term Loan \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock \| Volatility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions	0.59
MidCap Financial CSA \| Other Long-term Liabilities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt discount charge				$ 400,000
MidCap Financial CSA \| First Year
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage	4.00%
MidCap Financial CSA \| Second Year
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage	3.00%
MidCap Financial CSA \| Thereafter
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage	2.00%
MidCap Financial CSA \| Tranche 1
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan facility available		10,000,000
Term loan facility borrowed from Tranche 1		10,000,000
MidCap Financial CSA \| Tranche 2
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan facility available		2,500,000.0
MidCap Financial CSA \| Tranche 3
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan facility available		2,500,000.0
Western Alliance LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayment of outstanding term loan		$ 7,000,000
Prepayment fee				$ 160,000	$ 210,000
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share) \| $ / shares				$ 6.99

Long-Term Debt - Additional Information - Innovatus LSA (Details) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Mar. 10, 2020	Oct. 31, 2019	May 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Nov. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Mar. 02, 2020	Nov. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Mar. 14, 2019	Dec. 09, 2016	Mar. 08, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from borrowing from line of credit						$ 5,113,072	$ 0
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)						$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Repayments of borrowing from line of credit						$ 3,615,117	$ 0
Term loans borrowed						21,971,391	$ 10,000,000
Common Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of shares issued (in shares)		10,013,600
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)					$ 8.25							$ 6.99	$ 20.56
Term					5 years
Term A-1 Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value				$ 17,500,000
Term A-2 Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value				2,500,000
Term 3 Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value				5,000,000
Innovatus LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value				20,000,000
Term loan facility available				$ 5,000,000.0
Cash rate				10.25%
Outstanding principal period				24 months
Discounted cash rate				7.25%
Percent of original principal amount borrowed				3.75%
End of term charge						800,000
Maximum credit card indebtedness										$ 150,000
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		$ 18,000,000
Issuance price and fair value						200,000
Warrants to purchase shares issued (shares)		572,917		161,987					572,917		40,496
Debt issuance costs		$ 549,955
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)		$ 0.48		$ 4.63
Term				10 years
Debt discount and amortization of interest expense				$ 600,000
Debt issuance fees paid						$ 800,000
Effective percentage				3.00%		13.70%
Minimum proceeds		$ 10,000,000
Innovatus LSA \| Risk-free interest rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions				0.0243
Innovatus LSA \| Volatility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions				0.6693
Innovatus LSA \| Dividend Payable
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions				0
Innovatus LSA \| Expected life
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions term				10 years
Innovatus LSA \| Common Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of shares issued (in shares)				406,504
Price per share (USD per share)											$ 3.69
Proceeds from issuance of common stock				$ 1,500,000
Innovatus LSA \| On or prior to March 14, 2020
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage				3.00%
Innovatus LSA \| After March 14, 2020 but prior to March 14, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage				2.00%
Innovatus LSA \| After March 14, 2021 but prior to March 14, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage				1.00%
Innovatus LSA \| Thereafter
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fee percentage				0.00%
Innovatus LSA \| PIK
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cash rate				3.00%
Revolver \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan facility available			$ 5,000,000.0
Revolver \| Line of Credit \| Prime Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Annual interest rate bears			2.00%
Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)								$ 0.75
Subsequent Event \| Innovatus LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of debt	$ 2,100,000
Default payment required upon completion of equity raise	2,900,000
Minimum cash balance	$ 2,000,000
Waiver fee payment period	45 days
Waiver fee	$ 200,000

Long-Term Debt - Additional Information - Convertible Notes (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Apr. 30, 2018	Feb. 28, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of convertible note into common stock		$ 0	$ 14,898,327
Convertible notes outstanding		$ 0
Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of convertible note into common stock	$ 14,900,000
Convertible Notes \| Common Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding convertible promissory notes and accrued interest converted, shares	3,239,294
Note Purchase Agreement \| Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Increase the principal amount available for issuance				$ 19,400,000	$ 18,400,000
Note Purchase Agreement \| Convertible Notes \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Original principal amount						$ 16,000,000

Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Debt Obligations (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value	$ 21,971,391	$ 10,000,000
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs	(1,886,446)	(970,626)
Long-term debt	20,084,945	9,029,374
Innovatus LSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value	20,473,436	0
MidCap Financial CSA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value	0	10,000,000
Revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term loan face value	$ 1,497,955	$ 0

Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Future Minimum Payments Including Interest (Details)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2020	$ 5,000,000
2021	0
2022	5,435,837
2023	7,926,346
2024	2,111,253
Total minimum loan payments	$ 20,473,436

Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock and Preferred Stock Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Nov. 30, 2018	Aug. 31, 2018	Dec. 09, 2016	Mar. 08, 2016
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of securities called by each warrant (shares)								1
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)	$ 1.76			$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity		$ 18,000,000
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share issued exercise options (shares)				50,665.00	2,062
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Value of shares to be sold to Aspire			$ 10,000,000
Maximum percentage owned by Aspire			19.99%
Number of shares issued (in shares)	1,067,361		272,479
Price per share (USD per share)						$ 3.67
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of offering costs	$ 1,116,067		$ 1,000,000
Value of additional shares to be sold to Aspire			$ 9,000,000
Commitment period			30 months
Threshold consecutive trading days			10 days
Shares issued as issuance costs (in shares)			69,444
Pre-Funded Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Price per share (USD per share)		$ 0.859
Number of securities called by each warrant (shares)		1
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)		$ 0.001
Common Warrants
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Price per share (USD per share)		$ 0.86
Number of securities called by each warrant (shares)		1
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)		$ 0.86
Class of warrant or right, expiration period		5 years
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued (in shares)		10,013,600
Warrants to purchase, Fair value preferred stock (USD per share)							$ 8.25		$ 6.99	$ 20.56
Common Stock \| Pre-Funded Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)		10,923,958
Common Stock \| Common Warrants
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)		20,937,558

Stockholders' Equity - Convertible Preferred Stock Narrative (Details) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Aug. 31, 2018	Jul. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Convertible preferred stock
Equity [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock outstanding (shares)	0			121,992,497
Number of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible preferred stock (shares)			42.8
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
Equity [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock outstanding (shares)	0	0			345,587
Conversion price per share (USD per share)			$ 1.3995
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock
Equity [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock outstanding (shares)	0	0			23,357,047
Conversion price per share (USD per share)			1.4043
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock
Equity [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock outstanding (shares)	0	0			20,652,486
Conversion price per share (USD per share)			$ 0.48
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Equity [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock outstanding (shares)	0	0			66,141,257

Stockholders' Equity - Warrants Narrative (Details)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity - Warrants Narrative (Details)	Mar. 02, 2020 $ / shares shares	Nov. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 31, 2018 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares	Jun. 29, 2018 $ / shares shares	Dec. 09, 2016 $ / shares shares	Mar. 08, 2016 $ / shares shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares				$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Expense recognized \| $					$ 165,000
Exercised (shares)				11,678,458
Granted (shares)				32,023,503
Outstanding at January 1, 2019				4 years 9 months 25 days	4 years 8 months 1 day
Subsequent Event
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.75
Exercised (shares)	3,200,000
Initial Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants previously exercisable for preferred stock			37,200,000
Warrants expired on the effective date			35,700,000
Remaining warrants previously exercisable for preferred stock adjusted to become exercisable for common stock			1,500,000
Offering costs \| $			$ 4,300,000
Warrants exercisable for convertible preferred stock (shares)			0
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)							291,667	510,417
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares							$ 0.48	$ 0.48
Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)						625,000
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares						$ 0.48
Common Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares		$ 8.25					$ 6.99	$ 20.56
Term		5 years
Common Stock \| LifeSci Capital, LLC
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)		44,183
Payments to issue warrants \| $		$ 150,000
Common Stock \| Russell Creative Group
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants to purchase shares (shares)		3,311
Payments to issue warrants \| $		$ 15,000
Expected life \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions term				10 years
Risk-free interest rate \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions				0.0293
Volatility \| Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair value assumptions				0.6228
Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Debt issuance costs \| $				$ 675,617	$ 176,813
Offering costs \| $					$ 361,149
Common Stock Warrants, Original Agreement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares				$ 0.86
Common Stock Warrants, Amended Agreement \| Subsequent Event
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 1.06
Exercisable term	6 months
Granted (shares)	3,200,000
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	5 years 6 months

Stockholders' Equity - Warrant Activity (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Shares of Stock under Warrants
Outstanding at January 1, 2019 (shares)	4,062,507
Granted (shares)	32,023,503
Exercised (shares)	(11,678,458)
Canceled (shares)	(1,502)
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 (shares)	24,406,050	4,062,507
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2019 (USD per share)	$ 6.32
Granted (USD per share)	0.07
Exercised (USD per share)	0.57
Canceled (USD per share)	59.90
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 (USD per share)	$ 1.76	$ 6.32
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	4 years 9 months 25 days	4 years 8 months 1 day
Granted	4 years 10 months 2 days
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	4 years 9 months 25 days	4 years 8 months 1 day
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 10,457,345
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	$ 7,932,689

Stockholders' Equity - 2018 Equity Incentive Plan Narrative (Details) - $ / shares	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Authorized for future stock awards, option grants, or employee stock purchase program
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock initially reserved for future issuance (shares)		196,731
2018 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock initially reserved for future issuance (shares)	1,499,454
Number of new shares issued under plan (shares)	1,000,000
Incremental rate at which the shares reserved for issuance increase		5.00%
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock initially reserved for future issuance (shares)	175,000
Incremental rate at which the shares reserved for issuance increase	1.00%
Weighted-average grant date fair value (USD per share)		$ 2.16	$ 6.99
Vested and expected to vest		10 years
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares of common stock subject to outstanding options (shares)		1,742,912	1,282,847	436,341
Exercise price (USD per share)		$ 3.78	$ 7.69
Weighted-average grant date fair value (USD per share)		$ 6.33
Vested and expected to vest		8 years 2 months 12 days

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Stock Option Activity Under 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Vested and exercisable (USD per share)	$ 2.16	$ 6.99
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term
Vested and expected to vest	10 years
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| 2018 Plan and 2006 Plan
Shares of Stock under Stock Options
Beginning balance (shares)	1,282,847	436,341
Granted (shares)	716,960	886,023
Exercised (shares)	(50,665)	(2,062)
Canceled (shares)	(206,230)	(37,455)
Ending balance (shares)	1,742,912	1,282,847	436,341
Vested and expected to vest (shares)	1,709,588
Vested and exercisable (shares)	817,026
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (USD per share)	$ 6.90	$ 5.14
Granted (USD per share)	3.78	7.69
Exercised (USD per share)	1.30	1.70
Canceled (USD per share)	7.20	5.20
Ending balance (USD per share)	5.73	$ 6.90	$ 5.14
Vested and expected to vest (USD per share)	5.81
Vested and exercisable (USD per share)	$ 6.33
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term
Outstanding	8 years 2 months 12 days	9 years 2 months 12 days	9 years
Vested and expected to vest	8 years 2 months 12 days
Vested and exercisable	7 years 4 months 24 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Beginning balance
Exercised	151,819	6,046
Ending balance	4,356
Vested and expected to vest	4,356
Vested and exercisable	$ 0
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Vesting period	4 years

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Recognized Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,346,023	$ 1,193,873
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	240,692	260,840
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,105,331	$ 933,033

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions in Black -Scholes Option Pricing Model (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	2.40%	2.90%
Expected volatility	66.70%	62.10%
Expected term	5 years 1 month 6 days	5 years 2 months 12 days
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%

Stockholders' Equity - Stock-Based Compensation Expense Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Equity [Abstract]
Unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding employee options	$ 2,512,964.1
Unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding employee options, period for recognition	2 years 2 months 12 days

Stockholders' Equity - Employee Stock Purchase Plan Narrative (Details) - shares	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock for Employee Stock Purchase Plan (shares)		165,402
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock initially reserved for future issuance (shares)	175,000
Incremental rate at which the shares reserved for issuance increase	1.00%
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Maximum
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock initially reserved for future issuance (shares)	220,000

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Nov. 29, 2026
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]
Rent expense	$ 171,796	$ 556,321
Amortization of the leasehold incentive obligation	225,052	225,052
Rental income	422,116	$ 35,176
Contractual commitment with supplier to purchase products remainder of fiscal year	$ 165,000
Continuous purchase period	3 months
Initial purchase period	2 years
Termination period	90 days
Forecast
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]
Annual future minimum royalty payments			$ 110,000

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Required under Non-Cancelable Leases (Details)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Gross Payments
2020	$ 902,412
2021	611,061
2022	638,740
2023	666,411
2024	696,388
2025 and thereafter	728,671
Total minimum lease payments	4,243,683
Scheduled Sublease Payments
2020	(464,334)
2021	0
2022	0
2023	0
2024	0
2025 and thereafter	0
Total minimum lease payments	(464,334)
Net Payments
2020	438,078
2021	611,061
2022	638,740
2023	666,411
2024	696,388
2025 and thereafter	728,671
Total minimum lease payments	$ 3,779,349

Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 41,780,806	$ 35,104,728
Research and development credits	5,007,178	4,577,582
Other	1,406,893	1,725,577
Total	48,194,877	41,407,887
Less: valuation allowance	(48,194,877)	(41,407,887)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	$ 0	$ 0

Income Taxes - Provision for Domestic and Foreign Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Foreign	$ 19,492	$ 13,955
State and local	1,556	1,556
Income tax provision	$ 21,048	$ 15,511

Income Taxes - Domestic and Foreign Components of Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Domestic	$ (29,851,428)	$ (18,515,638)
Foreign	57,406	34,757
Loss before income taxes	$ (29,794,022)	$ (18,480,881)

Income Taxes - Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income taxes at statutory rate	$ (6,256,953)	$ (3,880,985)
State income taxes, net of federal benefits	(529,351)	(476,179)
Change in valuation allowance	6,786,990	5,617,471
Other permanent differences	449,958	95,852
Research credits	(429,596)	(502,511)
Change in fair value of warrants	0	(838,137)
Income tax expense	$ 21,048	$ 15,511

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance	$ 48,194,877	$ 41,407,887
Domestic Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	176,900,000
Operating loss carryforwards that do not expire	47,900,000
Domestic Tax Authority \| Research credit
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	4,900,000
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	66,000,000
Operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration	129,000,000
State and Local Jurisdiction \| Research credit \| California
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	$ 4,400,000

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of the year	$ 3,389,136	$ 3,018,563
Increase related to current year positions	319,026	370,573
Balance at the end of the year	$ 3,708,162	$ 3,389,136

Employee Benefits - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Contribution amount	$ 381,670	$ 272,507

Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Total revenue	$ 2,789,130	$ 3,312,997	$ 2,174,635	$ 1,852,746	$ 4,013,537	$ 2,828,704	$ 3,390,009	$ 1,768,485	$ 10,129,508	$ 12,000,735
Total cost of revenue	1,690,759	2,375,100	1,555,246	1,147,042	2,988,115	3,068,332	1,813,430	841,449	6,768,147	8,711,326
Operating expenses	8,258,864	6,622,993	7,463,697	6,890,713	7,123,985	5,729,212	5,588,800	5,262,497	29,236,267	23,704,494
Net loss	$ (7,900,595)	$ (6,398,166)	$ (7,664,566)	$ (7,851,743)	$ (6,411,457)	$ (4,926,097)	$ (3,311,476)	$ (3,847,362)	$ (29,815,070)	$ (18,496,392)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details